{"id":4512,"date":"2018-09-16T19:43:38","date_gmt":"2018-09-16T17:43:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/musark.no\/\/roperten-fra-kvalsundskipet-presentert-i-barcelona\/"},"modified":"2023-02-10T13:46:04","modified_gmt":"2023-02-10T12:46:04","slug":"roperten-fra-kvalsundskipet-presentert-i-barcelona","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/musark.no\/no\/roperten-fra-kvalsundskipet-presentert-i-barcelona\/","title":{"rendered":"Roperten fra Kvalsundskipet presentert i Barcelona"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n \nTidligere denne m\u00e5neden deltok jeg i\u00a0European Association of Archaeologist\u2019s 24th annual meeting<\/a>, en stor konferanse med en rekke temaer og sesjoner. Denne gangen, i Barcelona, var tre sesjoner avsatt til musikkarkeologi og arkeoakustikk. Mitt innlegg handlet om kommunikasjon til sj\u00f8s, et milj\u00f8 uten harde overflater til \u00e5 reflektere lydb\u00f8lger. En metode for \u00e5 bli h\u00f8rt gjennom lyden fra\u00a0vind og b\u00f8lger er \u00e5 bruke en ropert, eller megafon. Eksemplet i mitt innlegg var en traktformet tregjenstand\u00a0funnet i\u00a0<\/span>Kvalsundskipet<\/a>\u00a0fra\u00a0Her\u00f8y, Sunnm\u00f8re, datert til\u00a0slutten av 600-tallet. Dette kan v\u00e6re\u00a0den eldste megafonen som er funnet, og den ble sannsynligvis brukt til kommunikasjon om bord i skipet. Kvalsundskipet \u2013 utgravd tidlig p\u00e5 1920-tallet \u2013 var 18 meter langt, hadde ti par \u00e5rer, men\u00a0manglet seil. Det var et roskip, og det er derfor veldig mulig\u00a0at roperten ble brukt til \u00e5 koordinere roingen. \n \n<\/div><\/p>\n\n

P\u00e5 konferansen presenterte jeg mine tolkninger sammen med min egen rekonstruksjon av megafonen, basert p\u00e5 tegninger i Shetelig og Johannessens publikasjon fra 1929. Under har jeg lagt inn noen fotografier av rekonstruksjonen og arbeidet med den. Hvis noen vet mer om megafoner eller om kommunikasjon til sj\u00f8s med lyd, tar jeg gjerne del i det! F\u00f8rst, her er innleggets abstract:<\/p>\n\n

Sound communication in non-reverberating acoustical spaces<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Acoustic spaces or sound spaces are natural or man-made structures used for sound, or with sound as an integral part of religious ceremonies, gatherings or feasts. As shown in an increasing number of archaeoacoustic studies, some of these designated spaces, such as caves, megaliths \u2013 and later \u2013 theatres, churches, halls and other man-made structures, are used or constructed specifically because of their acoustic properties.<\/p>\n\n

However, in many situations and places, people could neither make benefit from architectural structures nor natural spaces for acoustic communication. Some natural environments are especially unsuitable or demanding for communication purposes, with few hard surfaces that naturally reverberates and amplifies sound waves. People have therefore made use of certain techniques or specially designed contrivances of for communication purposes. One such place is at sea or in costal landscapes where the ocean and\/or wind is the \u00abkeynote sound\u00bb of the soundscape.<\/p>\n\n

In a ship excavated in Kvalsund, Sunnm\u00f8re, on the west coast of Norway, the archaeologists found a wooden funnel-shaped 72,5 centimetre long object, interpreted as a megaphone. The ship, which probably was a seagoing vessel, was dated to the 7th to 8th century AD. Based on reconstructions and experiments, this paper will discuss the acoustical function of the possible megaphone. It will also discuss other methods of communication at sea \u2013 with sound producing devices, or with other means, such as the whistling language used in whale hunting by the Siberian Yupik people, south of the Bering strait.<\/p>\n\n

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